Nouvel ichnogenre et nouvelle ichnoespèce de cubichnium, le Pygocephalichnium reidi, du site du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO des falaises fossilifères de Joggins, au Canada, et ichnotaxons connexes
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeo.2024.009Résumé
Le site du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO des falaises fossilifères de Joggins, en Nouvelle-Écosse, au Canada, est reconnu depuis longtemps pour sa paléobiodiversité considérable. L’enregistrement de l’ichnofossile à Joggins est moins connu que le fossile corporel. Les vastes collections ichnologiques du défunt citoyen scientifique Donald Reid comprennent un cubichnium évoquant la forme d’une crevette morphologiquement unique (trace au repos). L’ichnofossile est associé à une piste d’invertébré à peine visible menant à la trace au repos et permet son identification à titre de trace au repos d’invertébré. L’ichnofossile a été recouvré de la partie supérieure de la Formation de Joggins (à 876 m au-dessus de la base) et il a été découvert dans des grès ridés à grains fins, interprétés comme un vestige de la transition d’un assemblage de lithofaciès d’eau libre à un milieu mal drainé. La plaquette d’ichnofossile étudiée aux présentes comporte également des traces au repos d’invertébrés Selenichnites et Rusophycus préservés dans un hyporelief convexe; ces traces sont communément attribuées à des limules et des crustacés, respectivement. Elles se manifestent dans le même horizon stratigraphique que les pistes de Kouphichnium, interprétées comme des empreintes produites par des xiphosures. La tranche supérieure de la Formation de Joggins a auparavant livré des fossiles corporels de crevette Pygocephalus préservés dans des calcaires riches en matières organiques et des nodules sidéritiques-ferrugineux. Les fossiles corporels de Pygocephalus sont répandus à Joggins, mais aucun ichnofossile n’a été rattaché à cet invertébré, sans doute parce qu’aucun n’avait été identifié jusqu’à présent. L'ichnofossile nouvellement défini aux présentes à titre de Pygocephalichnium reidi est interprété comme une empreinte produite par une crevette Pygocephalus d’après ses similarités morphologiques avec des fossiles corporels connus de la Formation de Joggins et nous avançons que la morphologie de ce nouvel ichnofossile justifie la reconnaissance d’un nouvel ichnotaxon, le Pygocephalichnium reidi.
Références
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