Pétrographie, géochimie, âge et importance stratigraphique du tuf de la crique mississippienne Boyd, sud du Nouveau-Brunswick, Canada
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeo.2024.002Résumé
Le tuf de la crique Boyd est constitué de deux dépôts de coulées pyroclastiques et de tuf de retombées plus étendu à l’intérieur d’une séquence de couches rouges mississippienne présente dans un affleurement et des puits de forage près de Weldon et de Pré-d’en-Haut, dans les comtés d’Albert et de Westmorland, au Nouveau-Brunswick. Longtemps reconnu comme un repère stratigraphique important, il a été classé au sein de la Formation tournaisienne de Weldon ou de la Formation viséenne de Hillsborough par des chercheurs antérieurs, son inclusion dans la Formation du Tournaisien supérieur de Weldon constituant l’interprétation la plus récente. Une datation U-Pb sur zircon par spectrométrie de masse à plasma inductif-ablation par laser viséenne de 336,9 ± 2,0 Ma est compatible avec l’interprétation considérant le tuf comme une partie du groupe de Windsor se trouvant à l’intérieur d’une séquence rouge et grise à grain fin de la Formation de Hillsborough. Même si le tuf est altéré et renferme une abondance de xénolites et de xénocristaux,la pétrographie et la constitution chimique correspondent à la composition de la rhyolite et de la dacite. Sa composition et son âge laissent supposer que le tuf de la crique Boyd est l’une de plusieurs unités volcaniques interprétées comme un tuf faisant partie du groupe Windsor ou de ses équivalents temporels, notamment les laves rhyolitiques-trachytiques de la colline Cumberland (Formation de Cumberland Hill, groupe de Mabou), le tuf dans une séquence carbonatée-évaporitique à l’emplacement de la mine Picadilly (Penobsquis) et la Formation de couches rouges Shin (groupe de Mabou) dans la crique Hurley près de Minto. La localisation et la datation des autres « couches de cendres » dans le groupe de Windsor représentent une façon de résoudre les problèmes de corrélation de longue date au sein du Viséen au Nouveau-Brunswick et en Nouvelle-Écosse.
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