Âge, composition géochimique et cadre tectonique des roches volcaniques du terrane de Miramichi (Paléozoïque précoce), est et centre-est du Maine, États-UnisEnglish
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2021.012Résumé
Les roches volcaniques de la boutonnière de Miramichi au Maine sont présentes dans deux secteurs séparés par le complexe plutonique du lac Bottle : le segment Danforth (Formation de Stetson Mountain) au nord du complexe et le segment Greenfield au sud (Formation d’Olamon Stream). Les deux séquences sont constituées en prédominance de roches pyroclastiques, accompagnées d’une abondance de tufs andésitiques, dacitiques et rhyolitiques ainsi que de laves, de brèches et d’agglomérats subordonnés. De rares tufs basaltiques et un petit secteur de tufs basaltiques, d’agglomérats et de laves se restreignent au segment Greenfield. Une datation U–Pb sur zircon situe le volcanisme du segment Greenfield à environ 469 Ma, c’est-à-dire la limite du Floien-Dapingien, entre l’Ordovicien inférieur et moyen. Des analyses chimiques révèlent qu’une séquence calco-alcaline est entrée en éruption dans un arc volcanique continental, soit la phase de Meductic, soit la phase la plus précoce de Balmoral de la manifestation de l’arc de Popelogan.
Les roches volcaniques de Miramichi au Maine sont très probablement corrélatives de la séquence volcanique du groupe de Meductic dans le centre-ouest du Nouveau-Brunswick. Les variations lithologiques et chimiques parallèles à l’orogène du Nouveau-Brunswick au centre-est du Maine pourraient découler d’éruptions de différents centres volcaniques. La séquence volcanique bimodale du mont Poplar sur la frontière entre le Maine et le Nouveau-Brunswick est plus récente de 10 à 20 Ma que les roches volcaniques de Miramichi et elle représente plus vraisemblablement une phase précoce de la distension d’un bassin arrière-arc qu’un phénomène de stade tardif de la phase de Meductic.
Le volcanisme d’arc calco-alcalin contemporain dans les boutonnières cambro-ordoviciennes de Miramichi, de Weeksboro–lac Lunksoos et de Munsungun au Maine ne correspond pas aux modèles tectoniques de migration vers le nord-ouest du volcanisme d’arc. Cet intervalle de plus de 150 kilomètres ne peut pas être expliqué par une seule zone de subduction orientée vers l’est, ce qui laisse supposer plus d’une zone de subduction/d’un complexe d’arc dans la région.
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