Lithostratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of Ediacaran alkaline basaltic rocks of the Musgravetown Group, Bonavista Peninsula, northeastern Newfoundland, Canada: an extensional volcanogenic basin in the type-Avalon terrane

Auteurs-es

  • Andrea Mills Geological Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Industry, Energy and Technology, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 4J6, Canada
  • Hamish Sandeman Geological Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Industry, Energy and Technology, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 4J6, Canada

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2021.010

Résumé

Les roches volcaniques du groupe d’Ediacara de Musgravetown sur la péninsule de Bonavista, terrane  d’Avalon, à Terre-Neuve, comprennent des basaltes  calcoalcalins basaux d’environ 600 Ma auxquels ont  succédé de la tholéiite continentale et de la rhyolite alcaline de la ceinture volcanique d’environ 592 Ma de Plate Cove  (Formation de Bull Arm), ce qui révèle un passage d’un  régime tectonique de subduction à un régime d’extension  durant cet intervalle. Les basaltes alcalins dans le nord-est  (secteur de Dam Pond) et le sud-ouest (secteur de British  Harbour) de la péninsule de Bonavista se manifestent au- dessous et au-dessus, respectivement, du faciès glaciaire  d’environ 580 Ma de Trinity. Le basalte de Dam Pond  apparaît dans un dôme interstratifié et flanqué de dépôts  silicoclastiques à grains fins (Formation de Big Head)  recouverts du faciès de Trinity. Les basaltes de British  Harbour se trouvent au-dessus du faciès de Trinity, dans  une séquence de grès à granulométrie croissante vers le  haut (Formation de Rocky Harbour) recouverte de couches  rouges de la Formation de Crown Hill (partie sommitale du  groupe de Musgravetown). Les Formations de Rocky  Harbour et de Big Head sont vraisemblablement  stratigraphiquement interdigitées de dépôts proximaux et  distaux, respectivement, provenant de l’érosion de la  Formation de Bull Arm et d’assemblages avaloniens plus anciens.
Les basaltes de Big Head ont des teneurs inférieures de SiO2, de Zr, de FeOT, de P2O5 et de TiO2, et des teneurs supérieures de Mg#, de Cr, de V, de Co et de Ni; ils sont en  conséquence plus primitifs que les basaltes plus riches en  FeOT, en TiO2 et en P2O5 de British Harbour. Les ratios et les concentrations d’éléments lithophiles à grand rayon ionique et de métaux des terres rares signalent que les deux suites proviennent de fontes partielles de faible degré de sources de péridotite asthénosphérique non appauvrie,  faiblement grenatifère, profondes, avec des conduits magmatiques probablement concentrés le long de failles  d’extension régionales. L’activité volcanique apparentée à l’extension, prolongée et épisodique, correspond à un milieu géodynamique ayant évolué d’un arc à maturité en bassins d’extension au magmatisme s’affaiblissant  lentement, comportant possiblement un repositionnement  de dalles et une délamination suivis d’un sous-placage  magmatique. La durée et la variation du volcanisme et de la sédimentation révèlent que le groupe de Musgravetown devrait être reclassé en un supergroupe pour faciliter la corrélation future de ses composantes avec d’autres  bassins avaloniens.

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Publié-e

2021-08-05

Comment citer

Mills, A., & Sandeman, H. (2021). Lithostratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of Ediacaran alkaline basaltic rocks of the Musgravetown Group, Bonavista Peninsula, northeastern Newfoundland, Canada: an extensional volcanogenic basin in the type-Avalon terrane. Atlantic Geoscience, 57(1), 207–234. https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2021.010

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