Geoscience Canada

Vol. 50 No. 4 (2023)
Articles

Trace Element Composition of Placer Gold Across the Okanagan Fault, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada

Accès restreint aux abonnés-es ou avec frais PDF (English) (CAD 30)
  • John Greenough,
  • Mikkel Tetland
John Greenough
Department of Earth, Environmental and Geographic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, V1V 1V7
Mikkel Tetland
Department of Earth, Environmental and Geographic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, V1V 1V7
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2023.50.202

Publié-e 2023-12-18

Mots-clés

  • AuRM2,
  • LA-ICP-MS,
  • Native Gold,
  • Okanagan, British Columbia,
  • Orogenic,
  • Trace Elements
    • ...Plus
    Moins

Comment citer

Greenough, J., & Tetland, M. (2023). Trace Element Composition of Placer Gold Across the Okanagan Fault, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. Geoscience Canada, 50(4), 259–276. https://doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2023.50.202
Mention de droit d'auteur

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Résumé

Pendant 100 ans, l'or placérien a joué un rôle important dans le peuplement, le développement économique et, plus récemment, la géologie récréative de la région de Kelowna, en Colombie-Britannique. Il est surtout connu pour se trouver dans les roches sédimentaires modernes de Mission Creek et Lambly Creek, ainsi qu’en tant que gisement paléoplacérien dans les sédiments miocènes de l'ancienne mine de Winfield. Les localités Mission Creek et Winfield sont à l'est de la faille d'Okanagan, une faille normale à faible pendage vers l'ouest et active depuis l'Éocène. Lambly Creek se trouve à l'ouest de la faille. Des roches ignées et métasédimentaires du Paléozoïque supérieur à l’Éocène sont présentes dans le bassin versant de Lambly Creek, mais des unités de gneiss de l'Éocène, exposées par la faille, se trouvent du côté est de la vallée d'Okanagan. Cette étude teste l'hypothèse selon laquelle les compositions de l'or natif placérien varient le long de la faille d'Okanagan, reflétant différentes sources et histoires pour l'or. Un nombre restreint d'analyses d'Au et d’Ag (23 analyses) dans des échantillons représentatifs d'or placérien ont été effectuées au microscope électronique à balayage avec un spectromètre à dispersion d'énergie (MEB-EDS). Les zones analysées pour l’Au et l’Ag ont également été analysées pour 19 éléments traces à l'aide d'un spectromètre de masse à plasma induit par couplage inductif par ablation au laser (LA-ICP-MS). Le mercure a été déterminé de manière semi-quantitative dans des grains d'or « inconnus » en estimant d'abord sa concentration (~3,69 ppm) dans l'étalon externe AuRM2. Les proportions d’Au, d’Ag et de Cu dans les noyaux des grains indiquent que tout l'or provient de gîtes mésothermaux/hypogènes ou éventuellement de gisements rocheux porphyriques aurifères, bien que les signatures primaires aient pu être masquées par du métamorphisme ou de l'altération. Les grains de Winfield et Mission Creek ont tendance à avoir des concentrations plus élevées en éléments sidérophiles Fe, Ni, Pd et Pt et en éléments chalcophiles As, Se, Te, Hg, Pb et Bi, mais des concentrations plus faibles en Cu et Sb que l'or de Lambly Creek. Le mercure est nettement plus élevé dans l'or de Winfield et Mission Creek que dans l'or de Lambly Creek du côté ouest de la vallée; l'élément semble particulièrement utile pour le traçage de l'or. Les compositions aurifères de Lambly Creek indiquent une origine de deux sources orogéniques/hypogènes provenant des roches vertes et des roches plutoniques/hydrothermales présentes dans le bassin versant. Les grains modernes de Mission Creek et des grains paléoplacériens du Miocène de Winfield ont une signature d'éléments traces hypogènes similaire, mais il n'existe aucune source d'or connue dans la roche-mère locale. Les noyaux des grains d'or de Mission Creek et de Winfield sont entourés de bordures de moins de 10 µm de large, riches en Au et pauvres en Ag et en éléments traces. Les grains de Lambly Creek ne présentent pas de telles bordures. Les bordures riches en Au sur l'or moderne de Mission Creek et l’or miocène de Winfield peuvent refléter une exposition prolongée près de la surface avec une dissolution électrochimique superficielle des éléments traces hypogènes ou la précipitation biologique de l'or. La faible teneur en Ag et la coloration rouge à la surface des grains soutiennent l’hypothèse d’une précipitation biologique. La signature commune en éléments traces, ainsi que les bordures riches en Au, indiquent que l'or placérien moderne de Mission Creek a été remanié à plusieurs reprises à partir de paléoplacers du Miocène similaires à ceux de Winfield, résultant du soulèvement et de l'érosion des roches du côté est de la faille d'Okanagan.

Accès restreint aux abonnés-es ou avec frais PDF (English) (CAD 30)

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