Geoscience Canada

Vol. 49 No. 1 (2022)
Articles

The Jurassic Laberge Group in the Whitehorse Trough of the Canadian Cordillera: Using Detrital Mineral Geochronology and Thermochronology to Investigate Tectonic Evolution

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  • Dawn A. Kellett,
  • Alex Zagorevski
Dawn A. Kellett
Geological Survey of Canada-Atlantic, Natural Resources Canada, 1 Challenger Drive, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4A2
Alex Zagorevski
Geological Survey of Canada-Central, Natural Resources Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0E8
Geoscience Canada V.49#1 Front Page (photo and teasers).
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2022.49.183

Publié-e 2022-03-26

Mots-clés

  • British Columbia,
  • Canadian Cordillera,
  • Detrital zircon,
  • Jurassic,
  • Laberge Group,
  • Thermochronology,
  • Whitehorse trough
    • ...Plus
    Moins

Comment citer

Kellett, D. A., & Zagorevski, A. (2022). The Jurassic Laberge Group in the Whitehorse Trough of the Canadian Cordillera: Using Detrital Mineral Geochronology and Thermochronology to Investigate Tectonic Evolution. Geoscience Canada, 49(1), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2022.49.183
Mention de droit d'auteur

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Résumé

Le groupe de Laberge est une séquence du Jurassique inférieur à moyen composée principalement de roches sédimentaires silicoclastiques qui se sont déposées dans un milieu margino-marin, dans le nord de la Cordillère canadienne. Il forme une longue ceinture étroite d'une épaisseur totale de 3 à 4 km s'étendant sur plus de 600 km à travers le sud du Yukon et le nord-ouest de la Colombie-Britannique. Ces roches sédimentaires chevauchent les terranes Yukon-Tanana, Stikinia et Cache Creek qui forment les principales composantes du superterrane Intermontagneux. Le groupe de Laberge contient un enregistrement de l'érosion de certains de ces terranes, et offre également certaines contraintes sur la datation de leur amalgamation et de leur accrétion à la marge laurentienne. Le groupe de Laberge a été déposé avec une discordance locale sur le groupe de Stuhini du Trias supérieur (en Colombie-Britannique) et le groupe corrélatif de Lewes River (au Yukon), tous deux riches en volcans et attribués au terrane de Stikinia. Le groupe de Laberge est à son tour recouvert de roches clastiques du Jurassique moyen à Crétacé, comprenant le groupe de Bowser Lake en Colombie-Britannique et la formation de Tantalus au Yukon. Les compositions de clastes et les populations de zircons détritiques au sein du groupe de Laberge et entre celui-ci, et ces unités limitrophes indiquent des changements majeurs dans l'environnement de dépôt, l'étendue du bassin et les sources détritiques du Trias supérieur jusqu’au Jurassique supérieur. Au cours du Jurassique inférieur, les compositions des clastes du groupe de Laberge sont passées d'une prédominance sédimentaire et volcanique à une prédominance plutonique, et les populations de zircons détritiques sont dominées par des grains qui donnent des âges qui se rapprochent ou chevauchent l’âge présumé de leur déposition. Ce modèle est cohérent avec la dissection progressive et le dévoilement d'un ou plusieurs arcs actifs pour éventuellement exposer les suites plutoniques du Trias au Jurassique. Les données sur le rutile détritique et la muscovite du groupe de Laberge indiquent un refroidissement rapide puis une exhumation des roches métamorphiques adjacentes au cours du Jurassique inférieur, permettant à celles-ci d’ajouter des débris à une échelle plus locale. La source la plus probable de ces débris métamorphiques se trouve dans le terrane Yukon-Tanana, et sa présence dans le groupe de Laberge peut apporter des contraintes sur la datation de l'amalgamation et de l'accrétion des terranes Yukon-Tanana et Stikinia. Les données thermo-chronologiques apportent également de nouveaux éclairages sur l'évolution du bassin du groupe de Laberge. Les résultats de la méthode U–Th/(He) sur l'apatite détritique suggèrent que la plupart des régions ont été soumises à des conditions de température post-dépôt de 60°C ou plus, tandis que les résultats U–Th/(He) sur zircon détritique montrent que des conditions de température de plus de 200° C se sont produites à une échelle plus locale. Dans le détail, le refroidissement et l'exhumation du groupe de Laberge étaient au moins en partie structurellement contrôlés, avec des régions plus fortement chauffées situées dans le mur d'un important système de failles régionales. Les données thermo-chronologiques sont préliminaires, mais elles suggèrent un potentiel pour éventuellement contraindre la cinématique et le moment de l'inversion à travers le bassin du groupe de Laberge et peuvent également avoir des implications sur sa capacité énergétique.
En résumé, le groupe de Laberge est un ensemble complexe de roches sédimentaires développées dans un domaine tectonique actif et en évolution, et de nombreuses questions demeurent quant aux détails de ses sources et de son évolution. Néanmoins, les informations disponibles démontrent le potentiel de la combinaison des méthodes géochronologiques et thermo-chronologiques appliquées aux minéraux détritiques pour démêler les liens entre la tectonique régionale, le développement du bassin et la sédimentation clastique.

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