Photogrammetric techniques in hydrographic environmental monitoring

Abstract

The article gives an overview on photogrammetric techniques in hydrographic environmental monitoring by presenting a collection of recent research projects and pilot studies, based both on cameras and LiDAR systems. Both techniques offer a very large spatial resolution and a high accuracy potential. In addition, stationary cameras also offer an almost arbitrarily high spatial resolution for spatio-temporal measurements. Subpixel accuracy image analysis techniques, combined with thorough geometric sensor modelling and calibration strategies, offer a very high accuracy potential, making even low-cost cameras a powerful measurement tool. The integration of imaging sensors and dedicated processing algorithms allows for the development of efficient solutions to novel challenging measurement tasks, which could not be solved at reasonable effort beforehand, and AI techniques increasingly facilitate the solution of complex image analysis tasks.