The Graham Bank: hydrographic features and safety of navigation
Abstract
To ensure safety of navigation, the monitoring of high-risk seabed areas is one of the primary tasks of the hydrographic activity. Monitoring of these areas also provides insights into environmental and scientific applications. The Graham Bank (Strait of Sicily in the Mediterranean Sea) has been monitored by the Italian Hydrographic Institute (IIM) for over a century. This article describes the IIM monitoring of the Graham Bank by conducting surveys using techniques and technologies available at each time and integrating all of the data into a modern bathymetric database. Based on the outcomes of this case study, the IIM proposes ways to minimize the risk to vessels passing close to the Graham Bank.Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright
Any permission needed to incorporate material published elsewhere is the responsibility of the authors and it will be assumed that such permission has been maintained.
Authors should also bear the following points in mind:
- The title should be concise and reflect the subject matter
- Long passages of text should be avoided by the appropriate use of sub-titles
- References, which should include only publications cited, should be referenced in the text, thus (Smith, 1988), and be listed alphabetically in the Reference section conforming to the Harvard style. Some typical examples follow:
(i) References from Journals:
Anders, F.J. and Byrnes, M.R.(1991). “Accuracy of shoreline change rates as determined from maps and aerial photographs”, Shore and Beach, 59, pp. 17-26.
(ii) References from Books:
Foley, J.D., van Dam, A., Feiner, S. K. and Hughes, J.F. (1990), Computer Graphics – Principles and Practice, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
(iii) References from the technical material or research literature:
Smith, A. (1988). Colour photomapping. Report NRC-01-512. National Research Centre. Ottawa, Canada.
(iv) References from a web site:
desJardins, M. (2005). How to succeed in postgraduate study, Applied Ecology Research Group, University of Canberra, viewed 26 April 2009, http://aerg.canberra.edu.au/jardins.t.htm.
Please note that articles will be returned to Authors who do not conform to the IHR referencing policy.
Certain articles, especially those dealing with historical aspects, may well have to quote unpublished, archival or 'cumbersome' material, some of which may require further explanation in note form. In such cases referred material can be cited using numbered superscripts in the text and the list of references thus replaced by a section headed 'Notes' in which explanation of the superscripts is given. Material which has been consulted but not specifically referred to in the text can be included in a separate 'Bibliography'.
Please note that references will not be checked by the Editor and the responsibility for the accuracy rests solely with the author(s).
