Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Articles

1980: Vol. LVII, No. 1

Stable and Enduring Monuments for Vertical Control Networks

Submitted
August 6, 2015
Published
2015-07-10

Abstract

Bench marks, or survey control points of known elevation, are used by geophysicists for many purposes, but problems inherent with bench marks have long hindered the scientist. These problems include instability, deterioration, damage, and destruction of the monument. They can be overcome by prudent selection of level line routes and bench mark sites, and by use of a suitable monument. Disks set in sound bedrock are always best. If unavailable, a suitable structure, or specially designed monument can be used. The class A rod mark, developed by the National Geodetic Survey, National Ocean Survey, NOAA, is one such monument.